Self-Sufficiency Subcomponent: Labor Market Rigidity – Unionization

While unions can help give workers a voice in negotiations with their employers, they also work to protect members from the pressures of others in the workforce and restrict overall labor force participation—all of which undermines self-reliance. As with other measures of labor market rigidity, unionization rates have little relationship with the income of a country. The measure shows different choices within countries of similar income. Unionization rates are low in the US and Mexico (close to 15% and below), though it’s worth noting that our measures don’t account for the strength of unions (which we understand to be strong in France, for example). Unionization rates are very high in Italy, Russia and Argentina (35% and higher). This is one of the few measures on which China ranks lower, with a unionization rate near 30%.

虽然工会可以帮助工人与雇主谈判，但他们也致力于保护成员免受其他人在劳动力中的压力，并限制劳动者的整体参与 - 这一切都会破坏自力更生。与劳动力市场刚性的其他措施一样，工会化率与一国的收入几乎没有关系。这一措施在类似收入国家中显示出不同的选择。美国和墨西哥的联盟汇率较低（接近15％及以下），但值得注意的是，我们的措施不能说明工会的实力（例如我们认为在法国是强大的）。意大利，俄罗斯和阿根廷的联盟率非常高（35％及以上）。这是中国少数几个措施之一，工会化率接近30％。